分布式光伏并网逆变器无功补偿控制技术设计及应用实践

Design and practical application of distributed photovoltaic grid connected inverter reactive power compensation control technology

  • 摘要: 分布式光伏电站接入配电网时,由于无功调节能力差、电压波动大、谐波含量高,会直接影响电网运行安全 及电能质量。以分布式光伏并网逆变器为研究对象,结合光伏出力的随机性和负荷的波动性,构建逆变器自主调节、 混合补偿设备协同、多时间尺度统筹控制的无功补偿技术体系,通过改进逆变器控制策略、配置静止无功发生器和 有源滤波装置,形成分层协同控制逻辑,从而克服传统补偿方式响应缓慢、补偿精度低、谐波抑制效果差等缺点。 基于某工业园区5.36 MW分布式光伏项目的工程实践,验证了该技术方案可使并网点的功率因数维持在0.94以上, 电压波动范围控制在±2.5%以内,总谐波畸变率不大于2.6%,并网系统的响应时间缩短至20 ms以下,符合电网 并网的标准及企业用电的需求。研究成果可为同类型的分布式光伏项目无功优化改造提供技术参考,促进分布式光 伏规模化、可靠接入电网。

     

    Abstract: When distributed photovoltaic power stations are connected with distribution network, the shortage of reactive power adjustment capacity, obvious voltage fluctuation and too much harmonics will directly impact the safety in operation of power grid and power quality. Take the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected inverters as research objectives, combine the change of PV electricity and load build up some kind of active compensation technology such as separate inv adjustment, hybrid coordination compensates among several different devices, multi-times scale compensation in whole. By improving inverter control schemes, installing static var generators and active power filters, building a hierarchical cooperative control system, etc., the problems with conventional compensation methods that have slow responses, poor compensation accuracies, weak harmonic suppression effects, and so on can be resolved. With regard to relying upon the 5.36 MW industrial distributed photovoltaic, carry out all kind of engineering work and prove that if adopted this technology can achieve a stable power factor at connection point will be more than the value 0.94 situation, limit voltage fluctuations no more than ±2.5%, total harmonic distortion decrease less than 3%, reduce system response time to lower than 20ms, fully comply with standard of connect grid for enterprises requirements of power usage. It will give out some technical references for the others like similar distributed photovoltaic transformation on reactive power optimization and also more large-scale and reliable connection to a public grid.

     

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