Abstract: Based on the requirements for energy conservation and efficient operation of electrical automation systems, this article analyzes the application characteristics and development trends of variable frequency speed regulation technology in the industrial control field, and studies its optimization methods in terms of control strategies, hardware structure, and software algorithms. It proposes a comprehensive optimization scheme combining vector control, adaptive control, and intelligent algorithms, and systematically improves the selection of frequency converters, power device configuration, and anti-interference design. Through the analysis of typical engineering applications, the performance of the optimized system is evaluated. The results show that the optimized variable frequency speed regulation system has significantly improved energy- saving effects, operational stability, and dynamic response performance, while effectively extending the equipment’s service life, and has good engineering application value and promotion prospects.