Abstract: During the operation of power distribution lines, situations such as lightning wave intrusion overvoltage, operational overvoltage, and transient voltage fluctuations occur, which prevent high-voltage electrical equipment from operating safely. 10 kV zinc oxide arresters are used in electrical installation lines, substations, and distribution equipment, and can effectively prevent the occurrence of electrical safety accidents. This paper studies the DC withstand voltage test early warning technology system of 10 kV zinc oxide arresters. By utilizing sensor technology, data acquisition system, and intelligent analysis platform, the design and analysis are carried out from aspects such as data acquisition, extraction of characteristic parameters, design of integrated model parameters, and system application. A DC withstand voltage test fault early warning system is constructed based on the operation scenarios of the distribution network. The system implementation plan and technical parameters are verified and analyzed through case studies, and this provides technical support for the operation status assessment and fault warning of 10 kV zinc oxide arresters.