Abstract: This paper addresses issues such as excessive resistance and poor adaptability in grounding systems for smart substations in high soil resistivity regions. Based on modular design principles, it proposes a zoned solution incorporating main grounding, dedicated equipment grounding, and lightning protection modules. By optimizing material selection（e.g., T2 copper strips, copper-clad steel rods）, layout schemes（radial, ring configurations）, and construction techniques, the approach enhances both grounding performance and implementation efficiency. Results show that the modular system improves reliability, adapts to complex geological conditions and intelligent operation needs, and offers good cost-effectiveness. This study provides a scientific basis for the design and application of grounding systems in such environments.