Abstract: In order to solve the problem that photovoltaic panels in cold regions are vulnerable to snow cover and icing in winter, which leads to significant reduction in power generation efficiency, a design method of snow melting and deicing controller for solar photovoltaic panels based on adjustable on load power is proposed. In view of the labor-intensive and inefficient manual inspection and cleaning method, and the defects of some snow melting and deicing methods, such as the model preset parameters are difficult to adapt to environmental changes in real time, prediction failure in extreme weather, or high energy consumption. The controller uses a square sheet metal chassis to integrate the main board, filter capacitor and other core components, constructs the software architecture through three-phase PFC and LC resonant circuit, and embeds the dynamic power regulation algorithm based on snow mass and heat demand. The required load power is determined by calculating the total mass of ice and snow, heat demand and heat loss, and then the load current is calculated. The dynamic matching of controller power is achieved by adjusting PWM duty cycle, forming a control link of “load power → load current → PWM duty cycle”. The experimental results show that the controller can linearly adjust the power and PWM duty cycle with the increase of snow thickness, and the ratio of snow melting rate is less than 1.2, which meets the uniform standard; The energy consumption per unit area of deicing is significantly lower than that of traditional methods, and the efficiency decay rate is ≤10% in the environment of -10～24 ℃, showing excellent precision control ability and low temperature stability, effectively improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation in winter.