基于深度学习的电力系统异常事件辨识

Identification of abnormal events in power system based on deep learning

  • 摘要: 电力系统异常事件的精准、快速辨识是保障电网安全稳定运行的关键。针对传统阈值法及浅层机器学习模型 在复杂时序信号特征提取、瞬态异常捕捉及多类故障区分精度上的不足,提出一种基于多模态特征融合深度学习的 新型辨识框架,可在异常事件发生时实现对事件类型的快速、精准辅助分析判断。首先,提出一种混合特征工程方案, 同步提取电力信号的时域统计特征、基于小波变换的频域特征,以及通过格拉姆角和场编码生成的图像特征,充分 挖掘信号的多尺度信息;其次,构建双分支混合深度学习模型,其中特征工程分支利用门控循环单元捕捉长时序依 赖关系,图像处理分支利用卷积神经网络提取局部空间特征;最后,通过特征拼接与全连接层完成高维特征融合与 故障分类。基于IEEE 39系统仿真数据的实验结果表明,所提方法展现出良好的运算速率、鲁棒性和工程应用价值。

     

    Abstract: Accurate and rapid identification of abnormal events in the power system is the key to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional threshold method and shallow machine learning model in complex timing signal feature extraction, transient anomaly capture and multi-type fault discrimination accuracy, this paper proposes a new recognition framework based on multimodal feature fusion deep learning. Firstly, a mixed feature engineering method is designed to simultaneously extract the time-domain statistical features of power signals, frequency- domain features based on wavelet transform, and gramian angular summation field.The generated image features are encoded to fully mine the multi-scale information of the signal. Furthermore, a two-branch hybrid deep learning model is constructed, in which the feature engineering branch uses the gated recurrent unit to capture the long time series dependencies, and the image processing branch uses the convolutional neural network to extract the local spatial pattern. Finally, high-dimensional feature fusion and classification are realized through feature splicing and fully connected layers. The experimental results based on the IEEE 39 system simulation data demonstrate that this method exhibits good computational speed, robustness, and potential for engineering applications.

     

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